import pandas as pd import time # Make a bigger dataset df_big = pd.DataFrame({ "product": ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E"] * 100_000, "sales": [500, 1200, 800, 2000, 300] * 100_000 }) # Time the loop start = time.time() for i in range(len(df_big)): if df_big.loc[i, "sales"] > 1000: df_big.loc[i, "tier"] = "high" else: df_big.loc[i, "tier"] = "low" end = time.time() print("Loop time:", end - start)